Biosphere 3

"Humankind has always dreamed of finding a habitable place beyond Earth. Could mushrooms, with their powerful ability to transform environments, be the first to migrate to Mars before humans, and shape its environment?" Biosphere 3 originated from this hypothesis.

This is a scientific speculation within a digital environment: the artist scatters hundreds of mushrooms across different regions of a digital Mars. Each mushroom is nurtured within an ecological bubble that simulates Earth's growth conditions, gradually metabolizing and disappearing as the mushroom grows. Through parametric design, the work creates a unique mycelium generation system, with morphological parameters linked to environmental factors in different Martian regions. From deserts to plains, glaciers to volcanoes, and from aphelion to perihelion, varying environmental information (such as temperature, pressure, radiation, gravity, etc.) will trigger changes in the mushrooms' morphology and communication modes.

Fungi can communicate through various modes, including light signals, bioelectric signals, solid-state transmission of chemicals, resonance, radiation response, and magnetic induction. With these real-world references, the work offers a scientific yet artistic glimpse into Mars' potential future. The development system used in this work also presents a similar form of 'digital life': a networked existence with a multi-node structure, transcending the linear life cycle with uncertainty and probability.

Biosphere 1 is what scientists call Earth, and Biosphere 2 is an artificial closed ecological system located in Arizona, USA. This closed structure served as an experimental base for Mars colonization, a potential shelter after a nuclear war, or a living laboratory for large-scale ecological research. Bioosphere 3 seeks to challenge the assumption of human expansion through space colonization. In the iterative process of the work, it attempts to create a vocabulary of life mechanisms, showcasing the parallel operation of multiple life forms and the inspiration of digital nature on life forms.

'Astromycology' is not only a science fiction concept but also a research project by NASA and mycologists like Paul Stamets, exploring the possibility of using fungi to sustain space life systems. For example, fungi could break down the hard soil weathering layer on Mars, decompose harmful substances (such as carbon dioxide, nitrates, and formaldehyde), and convert waste and deceased organisms generated during space travel into vitamins and other minerals, thus creating a healthy soil substrate. Fungi are also a source of food and building materials, with mycelium capable of conducting electricity and generating energy through biomass.

During the creation process, the mushrooms generated different forms through geometric iteration. This iterative process also incorporates the artist's imagination of silicon-carbon life forms: Mars' ultra-low temperature environment allows complex electromagnetic phenomena to accumulate spontaneously until intelligence emerges. Mycelium tendrils can communicate with each other using electrical signals, even developing a vocabulary. Meanwhile, the abundant space radiation becomes a new nutrient for the mushrooms, which can absorb different radiations by adjusting the distribution of surface pigments. On Earth, carbon-based plants produce carbon dioxide through respiration, while silicon-based mushrooms produce crystalline silicon dioxide. During reproduction, crystals containing spores roll off the gills, with the crystals protecting the spores from the harsh environment.